The problem of interpreting results related to wood is compounded by the presence of preservatives and other additives in the wood. Hilado and colleagues 65 – 68 have reported considerable morbidity in experimental animals that were exposed to the products of combustion of hard woods, such as birch and oak, or soft woods, such as fir and pine they noted no difference in toxicity between the products of these hard and soft woods. (See Chapter 3 for discussion of particle size and respiratory uptake, Chapter 6 for discussion of PAH transfer in tissues, and Chapter 9 for recommendations.) It considers biologic activity in bacteria, animal-cell systems, and intact animals, as well as the nature and advantages of some biologic models used in emission toxicology. The purposes of this chapter are to describe the biologic activity of various kinds of polluting emission and some of their PAH components and to attempt to relate the toxic impact of such emission to its content of specific PAHs. Indeed, Doll and Peto 43 have estimated that as much as 13% of all human deaths from cancer may be attributed to exposure to harmful polluting substances in our environment. The environment is a major contributor to the development of a variety of pathologic conditions in humans.
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